Demographic and clinical characteristics of the chronic codeine-containing cough syrup users and controlsa
| Characteristic | CCS Users (n = 30) | Controls (n = 30) | Z Value | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) (mean, range) | 25.07 (3.084, 20–31) | 23.97 (2.470, 20–29) | 2.706 | .133 |
| Sex (male/female) | 28:2 | 28:2 | – | 1 |
| Education (yr) | 13.03 (2.760) | 12.07 (3.423) | 1.126 | .233 |
| Nicotine (No. cigarette/day) | 16.53 (9.609) | 13.50 (8.823) | 0.036 | .208 |
| Cough syrup use (yr) (range) | 5.08 (1∼8) | N/A | – | – |
| Age of first use of cough syrup (yr) (range) | 19.93 (12∼30) | N/A | – | – |
| Mean dose (mL/day) (range) | 487.33 (60∼1800) | N/A | – | – |
| Total BIS scores | 71.63 (4.597) | 57.13 (5.178) | 0.778 | .000b |
| Attentional impulsivity | 18.27 (2.947) | 15.57 (1.633) | 5.341 | .000b |
| Motor impulsivity | 30.50 (2.739) | 22.13 (3.381) | 2.727 | .000b |
| Nonplan impulsivity | 22.87 (1.961) | 19.63 (2.710) | 1.755 | .000b |