Table 2:

Linear regression fit to WMHv and TBV on the visit 5 MRI

Ultrasound VariableModel 1aModel 2bModel 3c
WMHv (mL)
    Strain
        β−1.2−0.7−0.9
        95% CI(−1.7 to −0.8)(−1.2 to −0.2)(−1.4 to −0.4)
        P value<.001.007.001
    Distensibility
        β−1.9−1.6−1.7
        95% CI(−3.2 to −0.6)(−2.9 to −0.3)(−3.0 to −0.4)
        P value.003.019.009
    Compliance
        β−0.1−0.3−0.2
        95% CI(−0.4–0.2)(−0.6–0.1)(−0.5–0.1)
        P value.355.115.127
    Stiffness index
        β45.130.635.9
        95% CI(23.1–67.2)(6.6–54.6)(12.5–59.3)
        P value<.001.012.003
    Pressure-strain elastic modulus
        β0.030.030.04
        95% CI(0.02–0.05)(0.02–0.05)(0.02–0.05)
        P value.001<.001<.001
TBV (mL)
    Strain
        β0.10.70.3
        95% CI(−2.9–3.2)(−1.7–3.1)(−2.2–2.8)
        P value.940.581.820
    Distensibility
        β4.14.42.8
        95% CI(−4.0–12.3)(−1.7–10.4)(−3.4–9.0)
        P value.319.158.382
    Compliance
        β7.72.52.1
        95% CI(5.9–9.6)(1.0–3.9)(0.6–3.6)
        P value<.001.001.007
    Stiffness index
        β−276.3−72.7−55.1
        95% CI(−417.7 to −135.9)(−183.7–38.3)(−170.6–60.3)
        P value<.001.199.349
    Pressure-strain elastic modulus
        β−0.1−0.1−0.1
        95% CI(−0.2 to −0.01)(−0.2–0.01)(−0.1–0.03)
        P value.030.070.183

  • ↵a Model 1: adjusted for systolic blood pressure mean between visit 2 and visit 5 (n = 1402 for WMH and n = 1397 for total brain volume).

  • ↵b Model 2: WMH model adjusted for visit 2, patient age, sex, body mass index, HDL cholesterol, current smoking, history of hypertension (n = 1320). TBV model adjusted for patient age, sex, black race, fasting glucose, and current smoking (n = 1393).

  • ↵c Model 3: WMH model adjusted for visit 3, patient age, current cigarette smoking, history of hypertension, and voltage of left ventricular leads on ECG (n = 1289). TBV model adjusted for patient age, sex, black race, diabetes, and HDL cholesterol level (n = 1296).