Review of presurgical MRIs in patients with intractable insular epilepsy with no initial detection of insular lesions
| Patient No. | Side | Insula | Peri-Insular Sulcus | Surrounding Structures | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gyral Pattern | Blurring | Sulcal Form | Blurring | Gyral Pattern | Blurring | ||
| 1 | R | Supernumerary ALG | + | – | – | – | – |
| 2 | R | Poorly defined AL | + | Irregular anterior portion of SPS | Anterior SPS | – | Frontal opercula, orbitofrontal |
| 3 | R | Hypoplasia PL | − | – | Posterior IPS | Hypoplasia STG | STG, HG |
| 4 | R | Irregular AL | + | Irregular anterior portion of SPS | Anterior SPS | – | – |
| 5 | R | Irregular AL | + | – | APS | – | Frontal opercula, orbitofrontal |
| 6 | L | Thick PL | + | – | Posterior IPS | – | HG, temporal stem |
| 7 | L | Poorly defined AL | + | Poorly defined APS | APS | – | Pars orbitalis |
Note:—ALG indicates the anterior long gyrus; R, right; L, left; SPS, superior peri-insular sulcus; PL, posterior lobule; IPS, inferior peri-insular sulcus; STG, superior temporal gyrus; HG, Heschl gyrus; AL, anterior lobule; APS, anterior peri-insular sulcus; –, normal; +, present; −, absent.