Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Change of tip angle of a microcatheter.
A, Initial tip angle. B, Tip angle following the water bath procedure for 10 minutes. C, Tip angle following guidewire procedure. D, Tip angle following the second water bath for 5 minutes.
- Fig 2.
Shapability of small-sized catheters.
Although the mean tip angle is increased according to increasing the intended tip angle in all catheters, Fas10 shows the highest shapability.
- Fig 3.
Shapability of large-sized catheters. MF and Rg show higher shapability than the others.
- Fig 4.
Durability of the shape of small-sized microcatheters. All microcatheters show reduction of tip angle after the microguidewire procedure (GW). The change rates are >10% in Fas 10 and Pg 2.0. At the final calculation, the Fas10 nonreinforced catheter shows high angle-recovery rates. All reinforced microcatheters except for Pg2.0 show similar change rates, <10%. Pg2.0 shows change rates >10% at the final calculation.
- Fig 5.
Durability of the shape of large-sized microcatheters. RT and PP show reduction of the tip angle before the guidewire procedure. All microcatheters show reduction of the tip angle following the microguidewire procedure (GW). The change rates are >10% in RT and PP. At the final calculation, RT and PP show high reduction rates and final change rates >10%. PP90 and Rg show low reduction rates throughout the examination. The nonreinforced catheter MF shows the highest angle-recover rate.
- Fig 6.
Luminal irregularities at the curved portion of the shaped microcatheters.
A, Moderate irregularity (arrows) on the lesser curvature approximately 0.04 mm in peak-to-valley measurement in RT and Rg.
B, Mild irregularity (arrows) on the lesser curvature approximately 0.015 mm in peak-to-valley measurement in Ex, Pg2.0, Rb14, and PP.
C, Smooth surface on the lesser curvature in the other microcatheters.
Tables
Proximal OD(French) Distal OD(French) Distal ID(inch) Reinforcement Materials Small size Excelsior 1018 2.6 2.0 .019 SS coil PEBAX Tracker Excel-14 2.4 1.9 .017 SS coil PEBAX Excelsior SL-10 2.4 1.7 .0165 SS coil PEBAX Progreat 2.0F 2.7 2.0 .020 Tungsten coil UE Rebar 14 2.4 1.9 .018 SS coil NA FasTracker-10 2.6 2.0 .015 – PP + PE Large size Rapid Transit 3.0 2.3 .018 SS coil Polyamide Prowler Plus 3.0 2.3 .018 SS coil Polyamide Renegade-18 3.0 2.5 .021 Fiberbraid coil PEBAX Progreat 2.4F 2.9 2.4 .022 Tungsten coil UE Microferret 3.0 2.4 .021 – PE Prowler Plus MX 3.0 2.3 .018 SS coil polyamide Note.—SS coil indicates stainless steel coil; PEBAX, polyether block amides; UE, urethan elastomer; PP, polypropylene; PE, polyethylene; NA, no information available.
90° 150° Small size Excelsior 1018 51–57 (54) 54–68 (62) Tracker Excel-14 54–56 (55) 70–74 (72) Excelsior SL-10 51–57 (55) 87–91 (89) Progreat 2.0F 46–51 (48) 86–93 (90) Rebar 14 49–54 (51) 88–92 (90) FasTracker-10 64–77 (72) 124–136 (130) Large size Rapid Transit 40–43 (41) 58–66 (62) Prowler Plus 44–47 (45) 76–80 (78) Renegade-18 58–70 (62) 111–117 (114) Progreat 2.4F 47 (47) 72–80 (76) Microferret 64–77 (70) 115–121 (117) Notes.—Values are expressed as ranges followed by mean in parentheses.
Initial Angle (°) 10-min Waterbath Guidewire 5-min Waterbath Small size Excelsior 1018 93–107 (97.2) 90–104 (97.2) 85–99 (90.6) 92–106 (93.2) Tracker Excel-14 94–105 101.0) 97–112 (102.7) 91–98 (93.6) 92–101 (96.3) Excelsior SL-10 96–101 (99.0) 90–103 (96.3) 86–90 (88.3) 95–99 (97.0) Progreat 2.0F 96–105 (100.6) 91–108 (99.3) 70–98 (84.6) 78–97 (87.0) Rebar 14 96–109 (105.6) 96–105 (101.7) 98–103 (100.0) 94–107 (101.6) FasTracker-10 110–115 (111.6) 107–114 (109.6) 93–100 (97.3) 105–106 (105.3) Large size Rapid Transit 90–94 (93.0) 84–91 (87.0) 81–86 (83.0) 75–81 (78.6) Prowler Plus 87–98 (91.3) 73–77 (75.6) 65–74 (70.6) 72–74 (73.0) Renegade-18 86–102 (94.3) 90–120 (105.0) 91–117 (100.6) 87–114 (99.0) Progreat 2.4F 93–95 (94.0) 90–102 (94.6) 82–91 (87.6) 92–96 (94.3) Microferret 99–104 (102.8) 99–113 (109.2) 91–103 (99.7) 93–110 (104.7) Prowler Plus MX 80–82 (80.7) 81–90 (86.0) 79–88 (84.6) 82–84 (83.3) Note.—Values are expressed as ranges followed by mean in parentheses.
% Axial Diameter of Control % Axial Diameter of Shaped Catheters at Angled Portion Small size Excelsior 1018 100.7 95.5 Tracker Excel-14 100.1 99.2 Excelsior SL-10 99.3 99.5 Progreat 2.0F 99.4 99.1 Rebar 14 100.3 97.3 FasTracker-10 100.3 97.3 Large size Rapid Transit 99.3 93.1 Prowler Plus 99.8 98.8 Renegade 98.9 90.5 Progreat 2.4F 100.0 95.4 Microferret 99.4 88.3 Note.—% axial diameter = (axial diameter at 5-mm proximal portion/axial diameter at 2-mm proximal portion) × 100.
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