Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Serial images of patient 11's resected lesion located in the region of the right foramen of Monro (A–C) and patient 2's indeterminate lesion located in the region of left foramen of Monro (D–F). Patient 11's lesion was resected at 16 years of age. The arrows point to the lesion of interest. Cubic measurements are as follows: (AP × TV × SI), A, 9.6 mm × 8.8 mm × 10.6 mm; B, 16.1 mm × 15.9 mm × 16.3 mm; C, 21.5 mm × 16.5 mm × 19.3 mm; D, 10.4 mm × 9.2 mm × 11.2 mm; E, 10.5 mm × 9.5 mm × 11.7 mm; F, 10.4 mm × 9.5 mm × 11.9 mm.
- FIG 2.
A, Volume of indeterminate lesions by age at scan. Each line indicates 1 indeterminate nodule. The marked line indicates that an indeterminate nodule in patient 23 shows rapid growth. There is currently no evidence of obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient is being closely monitored. B, Volume of resected lesions by age at scan. The marked line indicates patient 4's resected lesion. Patient 4's resected lesion had an average growth of 531.3 mm3/year between 6.2 and 7.3 years of age and a period of decelerated growth between 7.3 and 8.7 and 8.7–10.4 years of age, in which the average growth rates were 204.7 mm3/year and 118.9 mm3/year, respectively. At 12.7 years of age, the patient underwent surgical resection for obstructive hydrocephalus.
- FIG 3.
A, Median and IQR of lesion volumes of small lesions (small), indeterminate nodules (inde), and resected lesions (resected). The median volume and IQR at the earliest scan: small lesions, 25.22 mm3 (IQR = 50.8 mm3, n = 126); indeterminate lesions, 251.9 mm3 (IQR = 319.4 mm3, n = 27), and resected lesions, 245.6 mm3 (IQR = 486.5 mm3, n = 10). The median volume and IQR at most the recent scan: small lesions, 33.18 mm3 (IQR = 61.8 mm3, n = 126); indeterminate lesions, 615.6 mm3 (IQR = 581.1 mm3, n = 27); and resected lesions, 2283.0 mm3 (IQR = 3162.0 mm3; n = 10). Indeterminate lesion volume and resected lesion volume are compared at earliest scan and most recent scan using the Mann-Whitney U test. There is no significant difference in volume at the earliest scan (P = 1.0); however, there is a significant difference at the most recent scan. The asterisk indicates P < .001. B, Median lesion volume of each lesion type by age. Each point is the median volume of ≥2 lesions at a given age. NS indicates not significant.
- FIG 4.
A, Median growth velocity between scans for each lesion type: small lesions, 0.45 mm3/year (IQR = 3.2 mm3/year, n = 789); indeterminate lesions, 21.95 mm3/year (IQR = 71.6 mm3/year; n = 167); resected lesions, 216.1 mm3/year (IQR = 487.7 mm3/year; n = 38). A Mann-Whitney U test with a Bonferroni correction was used to compare the velocity of growth between lesion types. The triple asterisks indicate a significant difference in velocity comparing resected lesions and indeterminate lesions (P <.001), resected lesions and small lesions (P <.001), and indeterminate lesions and small lesions (P <.001). B, Median acceleration of growth of all lesion types: small lesions, 0.00 mm3/year2 (IQR = 3.4 mm3/year2, n = 673); indeterminate lesions, −0.18 mm3/year2 (IQR = 70.63 mm3/year2, n = 141); resected lesions, 77.01 mm3/year2 (IQR = 257.7 mm3/year2; n = 30). A Mann-Whitney U test with a Bonferroni correction was used to compare the acceleration of growth among lesion types. The double asterisks indicate significant differences between resected lesions and indeterminate lesions (P = .01) and resected lesions and small lesions (P = .004). There is not a significant difference in the rate of acceleration between indeterminate lesions and small lesions (P = 1.0).
Tables
0–5 Years of Age 6–10 Years of Age 11–15 Years of Age 16–20 Years of Age Resected lesions 333.2 mm3/year
58.1–608.23b
n = 2351. mm3/year
IQR = 344.5
n = 4460.3 mm3/year
IQR = 647.7
n = 5292.0 mm3/year
NA
n = 1Indeterminate lesions 32.5 mm3/year
IQR = 58.1 mm3/year
n = 1118.8 mm3/year
IQR = 37.0 mm3/year
n = 1615.8 mm3/year
IQR = 43.9 mm3/year
n = 1315.7 mm3/year
IQR = 103.6 mm3/year
n = 13Small lesions 0.6 mm3/year
IQR = 4.2 mm3/year
n = 420.3 mm3/year
IQR = 1.6 mm3/year
n = 590.3 mm3/year
IQR = 3.0 mm3/year
n = 390.6 mm3/year
IQR = 3.1 mm3/year
n = 32Baseline to Most Recent Scan 0–5 Years of Age 6–10 Years of Age 11–15 Years of Age 16–20 Years of Age Small lesions 14% 21% 12% 10% 16% Indeterminate lesions 96% 100% 81% 62% 69% Resected lesions 100% 100%b 100% 100% 100%c All lesions 34% 41% 35% 30% 33% ↵a 4.2 mm3 was chosen to reflect an increase in growth of 2 mm in the AP, TV, and SI dimensions using an ellipsoid volume formula because a 2-mm increase would be an appreciable measurement on MR imaging.
↵b Of the 3 patients with symptomatic SGCTs in this age group, only 2/3 MRIs were considered diagnostic.
↵c Only 1 lesion was available for measurement.
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